Nombre en español: Sirirí Brasileño

Nombre en inglés: White-throated Kingbird

Nombre científico: Tyrannus albogularis

Familia: Tyrannidae

El papamoscas, pitirre o tirano gorgiblanco (Tyrannus albogularis) es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Tyrannidae perteneciente al género Tyrannus. Se lo encuentra en Bolivia, Brasil, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, Venezuela y las Guayanas.​

Su hábital natural son las tierras bajas, por debajo de 1000 m²​ de altitud, y los humedales tropicales y subtropicales. Vive en los bordes de los bosques, áreas semiabiertas, sabanas o cerrados, caatingas, matorrales, áreas agrícolas, parques e jardines.​

Distribución

Cuenca Oriental del Amazonas

El tirano gorgiblanco se concentra sobre todo al este de la cuenca del río Amazonas, donde constituye una especie residente y no migratoria. Su área de distribución permanente se extiende hacia el sudeste de Brasil.

En el norte de la cuenca amazónica se extiende desde la región de las Guayanas, sin llegar a la costa y hacia el este hasta la Isla de Marajó en la desembocadura del Amazonas. En las áreas al oeste y sudoeste de su distribución es un ave migratoria.

Migrantes australes

La población de esta especie en el sudeste de Brasil migra durante el invierno hacia la Amazonia occidental.​

Descripción

Mide en promedio 21 cm de longitud. La cabeza es de color gris claro; presenta una máscara negruzca, que contrasta con la garganta blanca. El pecho, el vientre y la región infracuadal son amarillos. El dorso y la nuca son de color oliváceo.​ Las alas y la cola son fuscas.​

Alimentación

Se alimenta de insectos.

​White-throated kingbird

The white-throated kingbird (Tyrannus albogularis) is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela, and in the Guianas of Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist shrubland.

Distribution

Eastern Amazon Basin and Cerrado

The white-throated kingbird is a species of the mostly eastern Amazon Basin as a resident species; it is a non-breeding migratory resident into the western Amazon Basin, during the austral winter. Its range expands eastwards to the cerrado (where it is a passage migrant in the northern part) and northwards into the Guiana Shield excepted the coastal region (east toward Marajó Island).

The White-throated Kingbird is an inhabitant of gallery forest and open savanna from Venezuela south to Bolivia.  The White-throated Kingbird has a pale grey head with a semi-concealed yellow coronal patch, a dusky-black eyeline, olive-green upperparts, bright yellow underparts and a dull blackish-brown tail and wings.  White-throated Kingbirds can be distinguished from the similar Tropical Kingbird (Tyrannus melancholicus) by their slightly smaller size, square-ended tail, greyer back, whiter throat and paler underparts.  When foraging, the White-throated Kingbird sallys fors insects from a perch 3 to 4 m above the ground.  An austral migrant, the White-throated Kingbird migrates to the western Amazon as far north as Colombia during the southern winter.    

Distribution

Extreme SE Venezuela (SE Bolívar) and the Guianas S through much of C Brazil (Pará, Amapá and Tocantins S to Mato Grosso do Sul, São Paulo, Minas Gerais and W Bahia) to N Bolivia (Beni, N Santa Cruz); migrates W across Amazonia (W to extreme SE Colombia and E Peru).

Habitat

Variety of tropical lowland habitats, such as cerrado and savanna, that are fairly open, but shrubby and usually near water; also smaller trees and bushes along edges of gallery woodland, lagoons on river islands, and regularly in stands of moriche palms (Mauritia flexuosa) and occasionally Scheelea palms. Outside breeding period appears to use wider variety of habitats, including around urbanized areas (especially fence rows), but still usually in close proximity to open water or damp grassland. To c. 1000 m, but mostly below 100 m.

Movement

Austral migrant; specific movement patterns not well known, probably resident in at least some N parts of range. Migrates during austral winter (approximately May–Aug) into and across W Amazonia, reaching as far as extreme SE Colombia (sight records May to late Aug), E Ecuador (three Jul–Aug records along R Napo) and NE Peru (Loreto, Ucayali); migratory status in Venezuela uncertain, e.g. sight records in Jul in NE Bolívar (El Palmar), Mar in SE Bolívar (San Fernando de Yuruaní) and Feb and Jun in NW Amazonas (Puerto Ayacucho). Sometimes in mixed flocks with T. melancholicus during periods of migratory movement.

Diet and Foraging

Insects. Hawks flying insects from relatively low and exposed perch 3–4 m above ground; may perch higher during breeding period in Brazil.

Sounds and Vocal Behavior

Generally considered less vocal than congeners. Typical call a shrill, trilled “tic tic tic’i’i’i’i’i’­i’i’i’i’i’i”; occasionally long and irregular series of “tic” notes and trills, sometimes for several minutes at a time; similar to T. melancholicus, but somewhat higher and thinner, and delivered more rapidly, hence more squeaky in quality.

Breeding

Insufficient information. Apparently builds a simple cup-nest. Seems to be not so aggressive as are its congeners towards other birds.

Conservation Status

Conservation status on BirdlifeLC Least Concern

Not globally threatened. Uncommon to locally common; possibly overlooked. Rather poorly known, and precise breeding range uncertain; presumed to breed in small numbers in vicinity of Santa Elena de Uairén, in SE Bolívar (Venezeula), although this not yet formally documented. Occurs in many national parks and other protected areas throughout its range, e.g. Anavilhanas Ecological Station, EMBRAPA Experimental Station and Brasília and Serra da Canastra National Parks, in Brazil, and Beni and Pilón Lajas Biosphere Reserves and Madidi and Noel Kempff Mercado National Parks, in Bolivia. Given its tolerance of converted habitat and its large range, this species does not appear to be at any risk; nevertheless, further study is needed in order to determine its precise ecological and breeding requirements.

Fuentes: Wikipedia/eBird/xeno-canto/Birds of the world